For a long time, it was believed that the fundamental constituents of atoms were electrons and nucleons being both elementary. Experiments conducted in the late 1960s at Standford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) proved the existence of internal degrees of freedom in the nucleons. These ones are called quarks and gluons, or collectively partons. With QCD as the fundamental theory for strong...
One of the important, ongoing goals in nuclear physics is the creation of superheavy elements with Z=119 and Z-120. The experiments which try to achieve this objective are very time-consuming, because of the low production cross sections. Theoretical calculations may give valuable insight into choosing the most effective reactions and bombarding energies for experimentalists.
In this talk, a...
In July 2022 an experiment on 128Cs was performed. Last year I told about preparing for the experiment in nuclear physics. This year I’ll tell you how to perform analysis of it. That includes calibration of the detectors, overcoming expected and unexpected problems and some simulations.
The multiplication factor (keff) and its uncertainty are critical design parameters in nuclear reactors. Reducing this uncertainty would help in achieving more optimal design and safer operation of nuclear reactors. This uncertainty mostly comes from neutron cross-section uncertainties. It is difficult to measure the neutron cross-sections more accurately with direct measurements using...
Light dark matter (DM) produced thermally in the early Universe is one of the main targets in dark matter searches nowadays. Probing light DM requires appropriate detection techniques. It has been recently proposed that the forward kinematic region of the LHC can be utilized for this search. The FORward Experiment Sensitivity Estimator, or FORESEE, simulation package has been introduced to...
The life and evolution of galaxies in our Universe is complex and different for each of them. One of the most known and relevant stages they go through is the merging process, where individual galaxies approach each other and become one system. We are nowadays certain many of them are the product of former galaxies that merged. Such is the case of the Milky Way, archeological studies of its...
Studying high-energy hadronic scattering processes to understand the structure of nuclei has been the focus of experimental and theoretical studies for more than three decades now. The Color Glass Condensate (CGC) effective theory has been developed and used to study high-energy proton-nucleus collisions in particular. One of the main approximations adopted in the Color Glass Condensate is the...
In this talk, I will discuss T2K's neutrino oscillation results from its 2022 analysis, mostly based on my talk at the EPS-HEP conference in Hamburg, in August 2023. I will briefly cover neutrino oscillation and its current unknowns, then talk in detail about T2K's experimental setup and how it obtains oscillation parameters. T2K performs independent oscillation analyses with two fitters that...
The first direct detection of gravitational waves by LIGO collaboration has opened a new era of Gravitational Wave astronomy. The bending of light by massive objects is a prediction of General Relativity and this phenomenon known as gravitational lensing has now become an indispensable tool in astrophysics. Therefore, in this era of astronomy, the next most anticipated event is the detection...
Recent discoveries challenge the conventional belief that quiescent galaxies at high redshifts contain minimal interstellar medium (ISM) compared to their stellar mass. Investigating the ISM abundance in these galaxies is crucial for understanding the late evolution of massive structures. This project combines new observational data with cosmological simulations to unravel the ISM abundance in...
In this presentation, I will discuss the concept of "Self Interacting Dark Matter," a hypothesis positing that the observed abundance of DM can be elucidated through a secluded dark sector engaging in self-number changing reactions. Additionally, I will introduce the freeze-in mechanism, relying on feeble couplings between the Standard Model (SM) and the dark sector. The latter is anticipated...
When studying the running of coupling constants in some theories - including the Standard Model of particle physics - we may find that perturbation theory cannot be used to describe the theory for very low or very high energy scales. The assumption of an ultra-violet (UV) interacting Fixed Point (FP) can preserve the theory from running into infinity. This solution is called Asymptotic Safety...
Strong lensing (SL) systems, which are expected to be massively discovered by the LSST, provide powerful tool for studying cosmology and galaxy structure. The Einstein radius is a robust measure of the total projected mass of the lens. When combined with stellar kinematics it can be used to constrain the radial mass profiles of the lens. However, the observed angular size of the Einstein...
Low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs), characterized as galaxies fainter than the night sky, hold significant importance in comprehending galaxy evolution. The upcoming large-scale surveys such as the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) and Euclid are expected to uncover a large number of LSBGs which would require accurate automated methods for their detection. We study...
In this seminar, I will explore the potential of Transformer Encoders in detecting strong gravitational lenses (SGLs) within wide-area surveys. This study focuses on the Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS) as the primary dataset. Initially, the model was trained on simulated data from the Bologna Lens Challenge, designed to closely mimic actual KiDS observations. Following this, the model was refined...
